these fonts do not work anymore

It seems that you're trying to install a wrong package -- since Dapper Drake these fonts install in /usr/share/X11/fonts/100dpi and /usr/share/X11/fonts/75dpi and NOT in /usr/lib/X11/fonts/*.

Please, provide information about the Ubuntu version you're running and the exact version of the xfonts-*dpi-transcoded packages you're trying to install!

I suspect that this bug might be a duplicate of Bug #39560.

My guess is that the pre/post-install scripts have a bug in these packages:

root@homer:~ # dpkg -l|grep transcoded
ii xfonts-100dpi-transcoded 1.0.0-2ubuntu1 100 dpi fonts for X (transcoded from ISO 106
ii xfonts-75dpi-transcoded 1.0.0-2ubuntu1 75 dpi fonts for X (transcoded from ISO 1064
root@homer:~ # dpkg --purge xfonts-75dpi-transcoded
(Reading database ... 204472 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing xfonts-75dpi-transcoded ...
warning: /usr/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi does not exist or is not a directory
warning: /usr/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi does not exist or is not a directory
Purging configuration files for xfonts-75dpi-transcoded ...
warning: /usr/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi does not exist or is not a directory
warning: /usr/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi does not exist or is not a directory
root@homer:~ # apt-cache policy xfonts-75dpi-transcoded
xfonts-75dpi-transcoded:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 1:1.0.0-2ubuntu1
  Version table:
     1:1.0.0-2ubuntu1 0
        500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com edgy/universe Packages
root@homer:~ # aptitude install xfonts-75dpi-transcoded
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Reading extended state information
Initializing package states... Done
Building tag database... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  xfonts-75dpi-transcoded
0 packages upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
Need to get 0B/6423kB of archives. After unpacking 10.0MB will be used.
Writing extended state information... Done
Selecting previously deselected package xfonts-75dpi-transcoded.
(Reading database ... 203141 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking xfonts-75dpi-transcoded (from .../xfonts-75dpi-transcoded_1%3a1.0.0-2ubuntu1_all.deb) ...
Setting up xfonts-75dpi-transcoded (1.0.0-2ubuntu1) ...
warning: /usr/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi does not exist or is not a directory
warning: /usr/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi does not exist or is not a directory

root@homer:~ #

Thanks, Marc for the additional info!

In view of the new details, I interprete this bug as being different from #39560, so I've removed the "duplicate" tag. Obviously, the xfonts-*-transcoded packages need some more attention.

Tried this under Hardy on two machines, one upgraded from Gutsy, one from scratch, and it works fine on both.

:~$sudo apt-get install xfonts-75dpi-transcoded
[sudo] password:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  xfonts-75dpi-transcoded
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
Need to get 6424kB of archives.
After this operation, 10.0MB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com hardy/universe xfonts-75dpi-transcoded 1:1.0.0-4 [6424kB]
Fetched 6424kB in 1min6s (96.1kB/s)
Selecting previously deselected package xfonts-75dpi-transcoded.
(Reading database ... 87539 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking xfonts-75dpi-transcoded (from .../xfonts-75dpi-transcoded_1%3a1.0.0-4_all.deb) ...
Setting up xfonts-75dpi-transcoded (1:1.0.0-4) ...

:~$