BAM/CRAM depth calculation biological sequencing

 Many small reads are produced by high-throughput "next generation"
 sequencing technologies. The final sequence is derived from how
 these reads are overlapping towards a consensus.
 The more reads are covering/confirming parts of a nucleotide seq,
 the higher the confidence is. Too many reads would be indicative
 of e.g. repeats in the genome.
 .
 mosdepth can output:
  * per-base depth about 2x as fast samtools depth--about 25 minutes
     of CPU time for a 30X genome.
  * mean per-window depth given a window size--as would be used for
     CNV calling.
  * the mean per-region given a BED file of regions.
  * a distribution of proportion of bases covered at or above a given
     threshold for each chromosome and genome-wide.
  * quantized output that merges adjacent bases as long as they fall
     in the same coverage bins e.g. (10-20)
  * threshold output to indicate how many bases in each region are
     covered at the given thresholds.
 when appropriate, the output files are bgzipped and indexed for ease
 of use.