Incorrect number of stars for Horn (Chinese constellation)

Bug #1497818 reported by wcchan
6
This bug affects 1 person
Affects Status Importance Assigned to Milestone
Stellarium
Fix Released
Wishlist
gzotti

Bug Description

"Horn" is one of the 28 lunar mansions in Chinese starlore. It consists of 2 stars, namely Alpha Virgo and Zeta Virgo.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn_(Chinese_constellation)

However in all versions of Stellarium, "Horn" is shown as having 4 stars, namely Alpha Virgo, Zeta Virgo, Theta Virgo and m Virgo. In fact the last two stars (Theta Virgo and m Virgo) belong to another asterism called "Flat Road".

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gzotti (georg-zotti) wrote :

It is rather that several sub-versions of "Chinese Starlore" should exist, developing over time and region. The text in Stellarium clearly says "The number of Xingguan varies through different eras in Chinese history; ..."

The present sky culture has a clear reference given, so only deviations between the implementation in Stellarium and its source can be repaired. Unfortunately the star maps are no longer available at the original URL known to us. Maybe this is now on sale at http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/ce/Museum/Space/en_US/web/spm/aboutus/facility/catalogue/starmap.html

That WP page has many problems:
 - does not cite any references or sources.
 - lists 11 asterisms, out of 28, or is the list independent from the Lunar mansions?

Until an error between Hongkong Space Museum star maps and Stellarium is demonstrated, I vote against a change, but:

You can contribute your own skyculture files (easy to understand format, just text files!). It is always good to have a solid reference to work from, and do that complete and extensive. If possible, the stories that can be told about the constellations would be very welcome, else 300 star groups with strange names are hard to understand. Also the background of a concrete atlas and its author and location, the sociocultural context, ... can be interesting to potential users.

Changed in stellarium:
importance: Undecided → Wishlist
status: New → Opinion
Revision history for this message
wcchan (chanjoseph) wrote :

Actually I live in Hong Kong, so I can refer to the Hong Kong Space Museum publication suggested by you above.

It is true that Chinese starlore evolved over the time, but the number of Xingguan had been established by Chen Zhuo (circa 230-320 CE), who worked out a star catalog comprising 283 asterisms and 1464 stars. The same catalog had been in use until 17th century, when European astronomy was introduced to China.

Reference (see introduction section):
http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/CE/Museum/Space/en_US/web/spm/starshine/resources/constemyth/glossary.html

Hong Kong Space Museum star maps have no issue at all. The defect comes from the way Stellarium interprets the star maps.

Let's begin by introducing Chinese numerals: one (一), two (二), three (三) and four (四). Like Bayer designation, Chinese starlore identifies a star by the name of asterism followed by a sequence number (but this number has nothing to do with brightness).

The Hong Kong Space Museum star maps have been attached in this defect report (as PDF inside a ZIP file). Page 2 shows the asterisms "Horn" and "Neck". "Neck" is shown as having four stars: Kappa Vir, Iota Vir, Phi Vir and Lambda Vir. You can see Chinese numerals one, two, three, four next to each of the stars.

Now for the asterism "Horn", it looks like there are four stars forming a cross, but in fact these are two asterisms. The vertical line has Chinese numerals one and two, and the horizontal line also has Chinese numerals one and two. Only the vertical line belongs to "Horn", while the horizontal line belongs to a different asterism called "Flat Road".

An even more compelling evidence comes from page 60 of the mentioned Hong Kong Space Museum publication (also attached). It says, "Horn and Pingdao (Flat Road) run perpendicular to each other to form a cross." Therefore I consider this a defect on Stellarium.

Revision history for this message
wcchan (chanjoseph) wrote :

About your suggestion that I can contribute skyculture files, that's a good idea.

The problem, you can imagine, is that most reference materials (especially those authoritative ones) are written in Chinese. Also, unlike Greek / Roman starlore, there are not too many Chinese asterisms that come with myths / folk tales. Most Chinese asterisms are named by government positions / palace buildings.

But definitely this is a good project to work on.

Revision history for this message
gzotti (georg-zotti) wrote :

OK, I see now. Thanks for the material, it seems this is indeed a flaw which should be fixed.
The starlore description contains a link to Hong Kong Space museum star maps which is now dead. Can you find the maps still online, and/or is the PDF you attached available online so that I can also change that link?

The current Chinese skyculture has several shortcomings: Only English constellation names (I would like to see a transcription+translation like e.g. for Inuit skyculture), too few stars named, and if I compare the line sets to the PDF you sent there are a few deviations. If you can fix that, deciding on one dependable source also with good description, I think this would be a welcome contribution. Even better of course would be also including Chinese celestial artwork :-) It seems there is much to show, with even overlapping concepts of several dragons, Lunar mansions, various palaces, ...

Changed in stellarium:
assignee: nobody → gzotti (georg-zotti)
status: Opinion → Incomplete
Revision history for this message
wcchan (chanjoseph) wrote :

Unfortunately all professional Chinese constellation maps that I'm aware of are in printed form. Occasionally we come across some web pages showing these maps (like this one: http://www.teacher.aedocenter.com/my-teacher/star-06.htm) but sharing these resources may lead to copyright violation.

Hong Kong Space Museum no longer offers Chinese constellation maps for download. On the other hand, it now offers a mobile app called "Star Hoppers" which integrates both the Chinese and European star charts. The level of details does not match a professional star map, but the graphics and artwork is impressive.

Star Hoppers:
http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/CE/Museum/Space/en_US/web/spm/starshine/appsintroduction.html

I'm ok to do a rework on the Chinese skyculture. But this is going to take time (several months or more) as this involves approx 2000 stars. I'm not sure if you want to track this using the same Bug #1497818 or through other means.

Revision history for this message
gzotti (georg-zotti) wrote :

OK. The link to aedocenter with book scans (?) may indeed be problematic. I commented away the dysfunctional URL.

Star Hoppers looks nice! Maybe you can collaborate with the museum to bring the artwork to Stellarium?

This bug should now be solved (committed as r7921).

Developing a good skyculture certainly takes time. When you are done, simply write into the forum and we will be happy to take a fine contribution! Please look into the other examples what can be done with translations of names. For constellation names, preferably the first colums is number or unique abbreviation, second column is (an english transcription of) the original name, third (in brackets) is auto-translatable English translation of the name. Translators can then translate the English strings into other languages. Good luck!

Changed in stellarium:
status: Incomplete → Fix Committed
milestone: none → 0.14.0
Changed in stellarium:
status: Fix Committed → Fix Released
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